Diabetic macular edema (DME)

Abstract

Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a common complication of diabetes and a leading cause of vision loss among diabetic patients. It is characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp and detailed vision. DME occurs when high blood sugar levels damage the tiny blood vessels that supply nutrients to the retina, leading to leakage of fluid and other substances into the macula. DME can cause blurred or distorted vision, making it difficult for patients to read, drive, or perform other activities that required sharp vision. The conditions can also lead to permanent vision loss if left untreated. Treatment options for DME include lifestyle changes such as controlling blood sugar levels, managing blood pressure and cholesterol, and administering medications such anti-VEGF, to reduce swelling in the macula. In same cases, laser therapy may also be used to treat the condition. Early detection and treatment of DME are crucial to prevent permanent vision loss. Diabetic patients should receive regular eye exams to detect any signs of DME, and those diagnosed with the condition should work closely with their healthcare providers to manage their diabetes and prevent further damage to the retina. Ongoing researcher aims to develop new treatments for DME that may improve outcomes for patients with this condition.