THE CONNECTION BETWEEN ANTITHROMBIN 3, PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR INHIBITOR 1, VACUOLAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR 2, SOLUBLE TIE 2 IN MATERNAL PLASMA, WITH ABNORMAL PLACENTAL INVASION ПОВРЗАНОСТА НА АНТИТРОМБИН 3, ПЛАЗМИНОГЕН АКТИВАТОР ИНХИБИТОР 1, ВАКУЛАРЕН ЕНДОТЕЛИЈАЛЕН ФАКТОР НА РАСТ РФЕЦЕПТОР 2, РАСТВОРИЛИВ ТИЕ 2 ВО МАЈЧИНА ПЛАЗМА, СО НЕПРАВИЛНАТА ПАЛЦЕНТАРНА ИНВАЗИЈА

Abstract

Abnormal placental invasion, placenta accreta spectrum (PAS), is an abnormally adherent pla-centa to the uterus with inability to detach properly af-ter delivery of the fetus. Certain maternal plasma biomar-kers show association with abnormal placental invasion. Methods. This was a prospective cohort study, con-ducted at PHI UGAK, Skopje, Republic of North Mace-donia from 02.2021 to 01. 2022. The study included 28 patients diagnosed with PAS. Maternal plasma samples were taken from all patients. The concentration of anti-thrombin III, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI1), VEGFR2, Sol Tie 2 was measured in the third trimes-ter of pregnancy. Results. In all 28 patients, a diagnosis of PAS was detec-ted, while previous ultrasound, placenta previa was diag-nosed in 24 of these 28 patients, and the remaining 4 had ultrasound signs of placenta accreta. Meanwhile, the average value of antithrombin in the studied group was 192.1±28.2 my/ml, higher than in the control group which was 139.4±6.2 my/ml, with significance p<0.05 (p=0.039853). The average value of PAI in the studied group was 4.7±1.5 ng/ml, lower than in the control group which was 7.4±1.4 ng/ml, with significance p<0.05 (p=0.000234). The average value of VEGFR in the studied group was 7.1±1.7 ng/ml, higher than in the control group, which was 5.8±0.6 ng/ml, with signify-cance p<0.05 (p=0.039853). The average value of Sol Tie in the studied group was 13.2±2.2 ng/ml, higher than in the control group, which was 10.8±0.9 ng/ml, with significance p<0.05 (p=0.003532). Regarding the values of the examined biomarkers, we can conclude that we obtained significant values. Conclusion. The examination of these biomarkers can be used for prediction and early diagnosis of irregular pulsatile invasion. For this condition we validated the values as new biomarkers