Жанровските карактеристики на словата на Кузман Шапкарев

Abstract

In the 19th-century Macedonian literature, discourse as a genre is one of the most unique and prominent genres. As a generic structure, discourse has developed its characteristics according to its subsequent authors. This paper aims to scope the historical changes of this genre, and especially its transformations (both structural and epistemological) in the works of one Macedonian author from this period, namely Kuzman Shapkarev. The existence of chronological time in discursive waving (following Emil Benvenist’s terms), as well as specific subjectivity of the orator (underlined by the autobiographical and auto-referential elements) clearly characterize the axiological turn – man becomes the indicator of his own feat, which has to preserve some universal qualities. Analogous to Michel Foucault’s investigations, the human existence in these discourses is posed as a center of enunciation, by which man transcendences his moment appearance and obtains some kind of higher ground. Correspondingly, auto-referentiality in discourse unravels man as both confined and non-confined being.