NEONATAL ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY ASSOCIATED WITH COMORBID CONDITIONS

Abstract

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common clinical problem in neonatal intensive care units. Predisposing factors are perinatal asphyxia, prematurity, sepsis, and congestive heart failure. The aim of this study was to determine the contributung conditions associated with neonatal acute kidney injury.Materials and methods. In a clinical prospective sudy we evaluated neonates with acute kidney injury who had been hospitalized in the NICU at University Childrens Hospitals in Skopje, Republic of Macedonia. We studied medical records of neonates with a diagnosis of acute kidney injury in the period 2013-2014. Results. Out of 450 hospitalized neonates, 29(6.4%) with a documented acute kudney injury were analyzed in the study. The male to female ratio was 2.6:1. Most of the neonates involved in the study were term neonates (66%). Prerenal AKI was evaluated in 80% of cases. Perinatal asphyxia was the most common predisposing factor for kidney injury in our study and was evaluated in 56% cases with predomination of term infants and male. Sepsis was present in 44% of cases, prematurity in 34%, and congenital malformations in 27% of cases. Mortality rate was 26% and it was significantly higher in patients with assisted ventilation and sepsis (p<0.05). Conslusion. Early recognition of risk factors and rapid effective tratment of contributing conditions will reduce acute kudney injury in neonatal period.