Cases of Guillain-Barre Sundrome associated with COVID-19

Abstract

A novel member of human RNA coronavirus, which is an enveloped betacoronavirus, has been termed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS COV-2). The illness caused by SARS COV-2 is referred to as the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It is a highly contagious disease that has resulted in a global pandemic. The clinical spectrum of COVID-19 ranges from asymptomatic illness to acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, multi-organ dysfunction, and death. The most common symptoms include fever, fatigue, dry cough, dyspnea, and diarrhea. Neurological manifestations have also been reported. However, the data on the association of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) with COVID-19 are scarce. We report two case of a COVID-19-positive patients who presents clinical features of GBS. In both cases clinical examination showed generalized weakness mostly in lower extremitis and hyporeflexia. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis showed albuminocytological dissociation. The neurological condition was different in both patients they both recived kortikosteroids in first case it has good results but in second cases Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) was administered. A thoracolumbar spine magnetic resonance imaging was obtained to rule out other causes, which was normal. COVID-19 is believed to cause a dysregulated immune system, which likely plays an important role in the neuropathogenesis of GBS.