PRINCIPLES, METHODS, MATERIALS AND CASES FOR REPARATION AND PROTECTION OF HYDRO-TECHNICAL TUNNELS ACCORDING TO EUROPEAN NORMS

Abstract

Hydro-technical tunnels are specific underground objects used for transportation of water in systems for water-distribution, melioration, transportation of waste-waters, delivery of water used for production of electrical energy, etc. Due to the use of this systems, during their exploitation HT tunnels are regularly exposed to physical, mechanical and chemical influences of running water, thus they often suffer deterioration of concrete structure. Topic of this work is to present European Norms that defines methodology and materials used for reparation and protection of HT tunnels. For illustration, methodology is described for reparation of HT tunnel in the quarry for Lead and Zink “Sasa” Nord Macedonia, executed in the period between 2016-2020.